INVESTIGATION OF THE EFFECT OF HUMIDITY ON THE DESTRUCTION OF THE CEDAR NUT SHELL AND THE PRESERVATION OF THE KERNEL UNDER MECHANICAL LOADS

Abstract

Abstract . The purpose of this study is to study the mechanical properties of the cedar nut shell under compressive and shock loads with an emphasis on maintaining the integrity of the core. It is important to ensure effective separation of the shell during the processing of nuts, as well as to reduce damage to the kernel, since this means a higher market value. The tests were carried out on samples of pine nuts with two levels of shell moisture (9% and 13%), which allowed us to assess the effect of humidity on the loading effect of the material.

The experimental part of the work included measuring the ultimate fracture force of the shell during compression and the impact energy required for its destruction. Nuts with a moisture content of 9% showed high indicators of the ultimate breaking force (85-90 N) and impact energy (2.5–2.9 J), which indicates a higher strength of the material. Wet samples (13%) showed less resistance to both static and dynamic loads, which was accompanied by an increased probability of core damage.

The results of this study are important for the food industry engaged in the processing of pine nuts. Controlling the moisture level of the shell before machining it can significantly reduce the risk of damage to the core, which is especially important for improving product quality and economic efficiency of production. Nuts with a moisture content of 9% demonstrate better core protection, which makes them more preferable for automated processing.